Final answer:
NADPH and FADH₂ are converted back to their oxidized forms, NADP+ and FAD, when they give up electrons and H+ during cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Once NADPH and FADH₂ give up electrons and hydrogen ions (H+), they become NADP+ and FAD, respectively. This occurs during the electron transport chain, a stage in cellular respiration. NADPH is involved mainly in the photosynthetic processes within chloroplasts, whereas FADH₂ is typically involved in mitochondrial reactions. Specifically, during cellular respiration, NADH and FADH₂ are oxidized back to their oxidized forms, NADP+ and FAD as they participate in oxidative phosphorylation. Electrons from these coenzymes are transferred through the electron transport chain to oxygen, which is then reduced to water (H₂O).