Final answer:
The Indian Removal Act of 1830 led to the relocation of American Indians to less fertile land, the deaths of thousands due to the Trail of Tears, and did not increase their population east of the Mississippi. It indirectly contributed to the expansion of slavery in new territories.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Indian Removal Act of 1830 had several profound effects on American Indians and the course of American history. Among these effects were:
- Relocating American Indians to less fertile land, often far from their ancestral homes, which was a significant portion of the Act's aim and a reality for the tribes that were moved.
- The tragic outcome of the forced migrations, including the Trail of Tears, resulted in the deaths of thousands of American Indians due to exposure, disease, and starvation.
- The Act did not increase the population of American Indians east of the Mississippi. Instead, it decreased their numbers in these regions significantly as they were moved westward.
Therefore, the correct answers to the effects of the Indian Removal Act would be it relocated American Indians to less fertile land, and it resulted in the deaths of thousands of American Indians, but it did not increase their population east of the Mississippi. The Act also indirectly led to the expansion of slavery into new territories, but that was not a direct consequence of the Indian Removal Act on the American Indian populations.