Final answer:
Modern Hindus predominantly reside in India and Nepal, with substantial populations in the United States as well. Hinduism is characterized by its diversity, inclusive of various belief systems, and is more than a religion; it is seen as a way of life. India's cultural heritage includes a mix of many religions, all contributing to its complex societal fabric.
Step-by-step explanation:
Modern Hindus primarily live and work in India, where approximately 80 percent of the population adheres to Hindu traditions. Hinduism is notable for being one of the oldest major faiths, with a history that can be traced back to the Vedic period around 2000 BCE. It has a wealth of branches and versions, making it a complex and rich tradition. Besides India, a significant number of Hindus also reside in Nepal, and diaspora communities can be found in many parts of the world, including over a million in the United States, particularly in large urban areas like Los Angeles and New York City.
Despite having a multitude of viewpoints within its fold, Hinduism allows for variations in belief, such that its followers may identify as monotheistic, polytheistic, pantheistic, or even atheistic. Its flexibility and lack of heresy make it unique among religion systems of the world. This openness is partially why the Indian Supreme Court has described Hinduism not as a religion in the strictest sense, but rather as a way of life.
In the broader geographical context, India is situated in a region with a rich tapestry of religious traditions, which includes not just Hinduism, but also Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism, and animist practices, especially in more remote areas. The spiritual landscape of South Asia has been shaped by these religions, contributing to a diverse and multifaceted cultural milieu.