Final answer:
To determine the time of day, observe the position and length of shadows: short shadows at noon, long shadows in the morning or night. The Moon's visibility varies with its phase, with the Last Quarter Moon visible in the morning and the First Quarter Moon in the afternoon.
Step-by-step explanation:
To identify the time of day in a picture without an explicit clock or time indicator, one needs to observe certain environmental cues. If the Sun is near the horizon, it might be either morning or night, indicated by a long shadow cast by objects. At noon, the Sun is at its highest point, and shadows are at their shortest. The afternoon is characterized by the Sun descending towards the horizon, with the shadows lengthening once again.
Regarding the phases of the Moon, the Moon's visibility at various times of the day is influenced by its phase. A New Moon rises and sets roughly with the Sun, making it nearly impossible to see due to its proximity to the Sun in the sky. A First Quarter Moon is visible in the afternoon and early evening, setting around midnight. A Full Moon is visible all night, rising at sunset and setting at sunrise. A Last Quarter Moon is visible from late night through the morning, rising around midnight and setting in the afternoon. You would be able to see the Moon in the middle of the morning during the Last Quarter Moon phase, and in the middle of the afternoon during the First Quarter Moon phase.