Final answer:
Heat, light, sound, and electricity can all move where air and water meet, but they do so by different mechanisms. Heat transfers via conduction, convection, and radiation; while sound requires a medium to travel, light, as an electromagnetic wave, does not require a medium.
Step-by-step explanation:
When contemplating what moves along where two different materials meet, such as air and water, we must consider various forms of energy transfer. In the context of conduction, convection, and radiation, these are the primary methods through which energy, particularly heat, is transferred.
Conduction is the process whereby heat is transferred directly through materials that are in physical contact with each other. For instance, heat from a hot liquid will conduct to a metal spoon submerged in the liquid. Convection involves the movement of heat by the mass movement of heated particles in fluids (liquid or gas), such as the hot air that rises above a heater. Lastly, radiation is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. Noteworthy examples include the warmth of the sun that reaches the Earth and the thermal radiation our bodies emit.
Therefore, when considering the mediums of air and water, all these forms of energy—light, sound, heat, and electricity—can potentially transfer across the interface, but the key distinction lies in their mode of transfer; sound requires a medium like air or water to travel as it is a mechanical wave, whereas light, being an electromagnetic wave, does not necessarily require a medium.