Final answer:
Physics principles explain how temperature can affect a baseball's travel distance, kinetic and potential energy changes during motion, graph representations of motion, velocity vs. speed, the frequency changes relative to the speed of sound, and the necessity of an external force for movement in outer space.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering the effect of temperature on the distance a baseball travels when hit by a bat, physics principles are at play. A warmer baseball may deform more upon impact, potentially absorbing more energy and traveling a shorter distance than a cooler, stiffer baseball. However, this would require empirical testing to confirm.
A rock thrown into the air gains kinetic energy as it goes up and loses potential energy, and as it falls back down, it gains potential energy and loses kinetic energy. Therefore, the statement that an increase in height would increase the rock's kinetic energy is false; it's the potential energy that increases with height.
For an object speeding up, the position vs. time graph would not be a straight line but a curved one, indicating increasing speed over time. Also, the average speed of an object can be different from the average velocity if the direction of the object changes during its motion; average speed is distance over time, while average velocity is displacement over time, which is a vector quantity.
The statement that kinetic energy could increase due to an object accelerating towards the ground while potential energy increases is false; it is actually the reverse. And, balls thrown with different angles under the influence of gravity will not necessarily travel the same distance.
When a source moves at the speed of sound, the frequency going ahead of the moving object does not become infinite, but it does increase compared to when the object is stationary. As for the baseball in a magnetic field, the amount of deflection due to a magnetic force can be calculated but using such techniques in a sports setting would be against the rules of fair play. Lastly, an external force is indeed required to set an object in motion in outer space, even in the absence of gravitational influences and atmospheric friction as per Newton's first law of motion.