Final answer:
The House of Representatives and the Senate are similar to ancient Athens' Assembly and the Council of 500.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two legislative bodies in the United States that are similar to ancient Athens' Assembly and the Council of 500 are the House of Representatives and the Senate.
The House of Representatives, like the Assembly in Athens, is the lower house of the legislative branch and has a larger membership. The Senate, like the Council of 500, is the upper house and has a smaller membership. Both the House and the Senate play important roles in the lawmaking process, just as the Assembly and the Council did in ancient Athens.