Final answer:
Option b) (11.956378 + 3) is a rational number because it can be expressed as the ratio of the sum of two integers. The other options involve irrational numbers which cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to determine which of the given options is a rational number, we need to understand what a rational number is. A rational number is a number that can be expressed as a ratio of two integers, where the denominator is not zero.
In this case, option b) (11.956378 + 3) is a rational number because it can be expressed as the ratio of the sum of two integers. The other options involve irrational numbers like square root of 5 (option c) and square root of 53 (option d) which cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers.