Final answer:
Anaerobic means without oxygen. It is related to processes like fermentation and anaerobic respiration in biology. Additionally, anaerobic exercise is a type of physical activity that does not rely on oxygen for energy production.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anaerobic means without oxygen. It refers to the processes of fermentation and anaerobic respiration, which do not require oxygen for ATP production. Some bacteria and organisms like fungi and certain plants can carry out anaerobic respiration when oxygen is not available.
During anaerobic respiration, glucose is broken down through the process of glycolysis to produce ATP, but without the final steps of aerobic respiration. This is important for organisms that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.
Anaerobic exercise, on the other hand, refers to intense physical activity that does not rely on oxygen for energy production. It involves the breakdown of glucose without the use of oxygen and is shorter in duration but more intense than aerobic exercise.