Final answer:
The charges of particle X and Y and their relative masses cannot be determined without specific interaction data or compositional information. Charges attract or repel based on their nature, and mass depends on the particle's composition and Standard Model parameters.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sign of the charge on particles X and Y, as well as which particle has a greater mass, cannot be determined without additional context or information. To determine the charge of a particle, we can bring it close to an object with a known charge and observe the interaction: like charges repel and opposite charges attract. If a positively charged particle is exerting an inward force on another particle P, it means that particle P must have a negative charge, since opposite charges attract (based on Coulomb's Law).
Particles X and Y could attract or repel each other depending on their charges. The provided options suggest various charge combinations, but without a defined interaction we cannot be certain. Charges are measured in the magnitude of the elementary charge, which is equal for protons and electrons, with the proton having a positive charge and the electron having a negative charge.
When discussing mass, protons and electrons differ significantly, with the proton being much more massive than the electron. For other particles, such as the J/Y particle or D-mesons, identifying mass would require knowledge of the particle's composition and the Standard Model of particle physics which involves understanding of baryon numbers and quark configurations.