Question

Explain 3 reasons why we say 36-38 ATP can be produced by aerobic metabolism. (Why is it a range)?

a) Variances in oxygen availability
b) Efficiency differences in electron transport chain
c) Genetic variations in individuals
d) Temperature fluctuations in cellular environment

Answer 1

The range of 36-38 ATP can be produced by aerobic metabolism due to variances in oxygen availability, efficiency differences in the electron transport chain, and temperature fluctuations in the cellular environment.

Step-by-step explanation:

The range of 36-38 ATP can be produced by aerobic metabolism due to three main reasons:

1. Variances in oxygen availability: The amount of ATP produced depends on the availability of oxygen. Under ideal conditions, 38 ATP can be produced when sufficient oxygen is present.
2. Efficiency differences in electron transport chain: The efficiency of the electron transport chain can vary between species, resulting in a different number of ATP molecules produced. Each NADH molecule generated during glycolysis, the transition reaction, and the Krebs cycle can produce up to 3 ATP, while each FADH₂ molecule can produce up to 2 ATP.
3. Temperature fluctuations in cellular environment: Temperature can affect the efficiency of the enzymes involved in cellular respiration. Fluctuations in temperature can lead to variations in ATP production.