Final answer:
Maxwell's counterpart to Faraday's law is the Ampère-Maxwell law, which includes the concept of the displacement current and addresses how changing electric fields produce magnetic fields, completing the symmetry in Maxwell's equations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The counterpart to Faraday's law in Maxwell's equations is the Ampère-Maxwell law. While Faraday's law of induction describes how a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (emf) and thus an electric field, the Ampère-Maxwell law adds a crucial component to Ampère's law.
It introduces the displacement current, which accounts for a changing electric field producing a magnetic field, thus establishing a symmetric relationship between electric and magnetic fields. This symmetry is a key part of the explanation for the propagation of electromagnetic waves, where changing electric fields and changing magnetic fields cyclically produce each other.
To summarize, Maxwell corrected Ampère's law to include the effect of changing electric fields as a source of magnetic fields, completing the set of equations governing electricity and magnetism. Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is 1) Ampère's law.