Final answer:
Option (1), Equity and equality both aim to promote fairness and justice, with equity focusing on the fair distribution of resources and equality stressing equal rights and privileges for all.
Step-by-step explanation:
Although equity and equality are not synonymous, they both aim to promote fairness and justice within a society. Equity is concerned with fairness and may involve redistributing wealth to provide social welfare programs for those in need.
Conversely, equality seeks to ensure that all individuals receive the same rights, privileges, and are held to the same duties without discrimination or preference based on factors like beliefs or backgrounds. Therefore, the goal they share is Promoting fairness and justice, making it the correct answer to the student's question.