Final answer:
Set R (b, c, d) is a subset of set Q (a, b, c, d, e). None of the answer options presented are subsets of either set Q or set R.
Step-by-step explanation:
When comparing sets, a subset is a set where all elements of the subset are also contained within another set. In the question provided, set R = (b, c, d) is a subset of set Q = (a, b, c, d, e) because all elements of set R are also found within set Q.
None of the answer options (A) W = (1, 2, 3), (B) X = (a, e, i), (C) Y = (d, e, f), or (D) M = (4, 8, 12, 16) are subsets of either set Q or set R based on the elements listed within them.