Final answer:
The Murex snail was the source of Tyrian purple, a valuable dye that contributed to Phoenicia's wealth, although the correct animal is not listed among the options provided.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lowly animal that helped Phoenicia become rich was the snail, specifically the Murex snail. This is not included in the options provided, but it is the correct answer. The Murex snail was the source of the rare and highly prized purple dye, also known as Tyrian purple, which was a status symbol in the ancient world. The dye was produced in very small quantities from the mucus of these sea snails, making it extremely valuable. The Phoenicians became adept at the production and trade of this dye, contributing significantly to their wealth. Phoenicia's strong trade networks, skilled craftsmanship, and innovations such as the use of currency also played crucial roles in their economic prosperity.