Final answer:
During the French Revolution, the Catholic Church initially supported the wealthy nobles, but their stance evolved as the Revolution progressed. Napoleon later negotiated the Concordat of 1801 with the Church, permitting religious freedom without political power.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Pope and the Catholic Church's response to the uprisings during the French Revolution was complex and underwent several changes. Initially, the clergy was part of the First Estate and generally supported the ancien régime (the old order of society including the monarchy and nobility). However, after a period of stalemate and uprising, many members of the clergy eventually supported the National Assembly, indicating some alignment with revolutionary ideas.
Given the options provided, none directly align with the historical actions of the Pope and the Catholic Church during the French Revolution. The Church had its lands confiscated and its power diminished due to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy in 1790. The most accurate response related to the French Revolution is that the leaders of the Catholic Church initially supported the wealthy nobles (option a), even though the Church's political stance evolved over time in response to the unfolding events.
It is worth noting that later, Napoleon Bonaparte reached an agreement with Pope Pius VII—the Concordat of 1801—which allowed the Church to operate in France but without political power, showing a more pragmatic relationship between the state and the Catholic Church.