Final answer:
To find the number of hydrogen atoms in a sugar molecule, we can set up equations based on the information provided. By solving for the unknown variables, we can determine that the molecule has 22 hydrogen atoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the number of hydrogen atoms in a sugar molecule with 45 atoms, we need to consider the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen. The question states that there are twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms and one more carbon atom than oxygen atoms. Let's denote the number of oxygen atoms as x. Since there are twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms, the number of hydrogen atoms would be 2x. And since there is one more carbon atom than oxygen atoms, the number of carbon atoms would be x + 1.
Therefore, the total number of atoms in the molecule would be x + 2x + (x + 1) = 4x + 1. Given that we have 45 atoms in total, we can set up the equation 4x + 1 = 45 and solve for x. Subtracting 1 from both sides, we get 4x = 44. Dividing both sides by 4, gives us x = 11.
Now, since there are twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms, there would be 2 * 11 = 22 hydrogen atoms in the molecule. Therefore, the answer is 22 (C).