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What two Seminole Chief(s) signed the Treaty of Payne's Landing?

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Final answer:

The provided references do not list the Seminole Chiefs who signed the Treaty of Payne's Landing, but these chiefs were instrumental in the controversial terms for relocation to the Indian Territory. Significant resistance followed, leading to the Second Seminole War and resulting in a split between the Oklahoma and Florida Seminoles.

Step-by-step explanation:

The two Seminole Chiefs who signed the Treaty of Payne's Landing are not explicitly mentioned in the provided references. However, historical records state that several Seminole leaders were present at the signing of the treaty in 1832, which led to considerable controversy among the Seminole people. The treaty terms essentially required the Seminoles to relocate to the Indian Territory, which is present-day Oklahoma. It is known that the treaty was signed under dubious circumstances, with Seminole leaders later claiming they were coerced into agreeing to the terms.

According to historical documents like those found in Vine Deloria, Jr., and Raymond J. DeMaille's Documents of American Indian Diplomacy: Treaties, Agreements, and Conventions, 1775-1979, as well as Charles C. Royce's report on Indian land cessions, information on who exactly signed can be retrieved. To get the precise names of those who signed the Treaty of Payne's Landing, such documents would need to be consulted, since the provided excerpts do not specifically name the chiefs.

Following the signing, there was strong Seminole resistance to relocation, leading to the outbreak of the Second Seminole War, with notable figures like Osceola playing a significant role in the resistance. Ultimately, this resistance led to a division between the Oklahoma Seminoles and the Florida Seminoles, with a number of individuals avoiding removal and remaining in the Everglades.

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