Question

If you know the number of valence electrons in a nonmetal atom, how would you determine the valence of the element? (don't use hydrogen)

A) Subtract the number of valence electrons from 8.
B) Refer to the element's position in the periodic table.
C) Count the number of electrons in the innermost energy level.
D) Consult a chemistry reference book.

Answer 1

To determine the valence of a nonmetal given the number of valence electrons, subtract that number from 8, revealing how many additional electrons are needed to achieve a stable octet configuration.

Step-by-step explanation:

To determine the valence of a nonmetal element when you know the number of valence electrons, you typically subtract the number of valence electrons from 8, which corresponds to option A. This is because nonmetals tend to gain electrons to achieve a full octet, which is a stable configuration. For example, if a nonmetal atom has 6 valence electrons, like oxygen, it generally needs 2 more electrons to complete its octet, so its valence will be 2. It is important to note, though, that elements in Group 18 of the periodic table (noble gases) have a full valence shell and typically do not form bonds in the same way as other nonmetals.