Final answer:
The Carthaginian settlements on the islands were heavily fortified due to the need to resist invaders and protect trade interests. These settlements also reflected Carthage’s cultural influence, with a Punic-speaking elite and cultural assimilation in both coastal and inland towns.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carthaginian Settlements on Islands
What is noticeable about the settlements of the Carthaginians on the islands is that they were not only heavily fortified to resist invaders but also reflected Carthage's cultural influence. The settlements on these islands, like other Carthaginian territories, were strategically important for trade and military purposes. The Carthaginians fortified these settlements as a measure against the constant threat of invasions, particularly from their expanding rival, Rome. The fortifications served a dual purpose of protecting the settlements as well as safeguarding the Carthaginians’ maritime and economic interests in the region.
The influence of Carthage was also apparent in the cultural aspects of the settlements. The Punic-speaking elite of Carthaginian origin dominated the coastal towns. Furthermore, inland towns began to absorb Carthaginian culture, indicating a significant cultural exchange facilitated by trade and political influence. This integration is seen in the adoption of the Punic language and sometimes Greek, which was used by those in power and by traders. The urban elite of these towns admirably emulated Carthage, leading to the foundation of new states such as Mauretania by the indigenous inland peoples.
In time, as Carthaginian power grew, their influence extended along the Mediterranean coast, impacting local cultures and even leading to the founding of independent states with Punic cultural elements. This expansion and cultural shift demonstrate Carthaginian success in both territorial control and the spread of their culture via colonial outposts and trade networks throughout the region.