Final answer:
By 500 CE, the societal changes in Western Europe indicated the development of a feudal society, with peasants becoming more tied to the land owing to the decline of Roman authority.
Step-by-step explanation:
By 500 CE in Western Europe, the foundations of a feudal society were beginning to emerge. Due to political instability and insecurity following the collapse of Roman authority, Western Europe became more rural, and peasants started becoming increasingly tied to the land owned by feudal lords. The decline of feudalism in Western Europe was further expedited post the Black Death as many peasants moved to towns and cities in search of employment, weakening the feudal system that was dependent on their labor. The correct inference from the changes illustrated by the chart is that peasants were starting to become more bound to the land as feudal society developed (Option C).