Final Answer:
John Calvin believed in the idea of predestination, meaning that God determined one’s salvation before birth.
Step-by-step explanation:
John Calvin's theology, often associated with Reformed Christianity, centers around the concept of predestination. In essence, predestination asserts that before individuals are born, God has already decided their eternal destiny – whether they will be saved or not. This belief is rooted in Calvin's interpretation of biblical passages, such as Romans 8:29-30, which speaks of God foreknowing and predestining those whom He calls. Calvin argued that God's sovereignty extends to every aspect of human existence, including salvation, and that individuals have no control over their eternal fate.
Calvin's doctrine of predestination is a key element of his broader theological framework. It emphasizes the absolute authority of God and underscores the idea that salvation is entirely a result of divine grace. This perspective stands in contrast to other theological positions that emphasize human free will in the matter of salvation. For Calvin, predestination serves as a foundation for understanding the grace of God, highlighting the undeserved nature of salvation and the inability of humanity to earn or merit God's favor.
While the concept of predestination has sparked theological debates throughout history, Calvin's influence has endured, shaping the doctrines of various Protestant traditions. The idea of God's preordained plan for salvation, as championed by Calvin, continues to be a significant aspect of Reformed theology and has left an indelible mark on the broader Christian theological landscape.