Final answer:
Confucianism, founded by Confucius, is the belief system that emphasized proper conduct within a family and in society in BC times, highlighting the importance of filial piety, respect for elders, and adherence to social roles for the maintenance of order.
Step-by-step explanation:
The system of beliefs that emphasized proper conduct within one's family and in society during BC times is known as Confucianism, based on the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. Confucianism advocates for an ordered, hierarchical society structured by clearly defined social roles and moral responsibilities.
A key concept within Confucian thought is filial piety, which stresses the importance of respecting and obeying one's elders and parents, emphasizing the duty of children to follow the path set by their fathers and family tradition.
A wholesome sense of community in Confucianism also underlies the maintenance of social order and harmony. This is evident through various social practices and acceptance of social roles, such as the prince being a prince, the father being a father, and the son being a son, as Confucius proposed.
Confucianism, through its focus on education, respect for elders, and governmental obedience, sought to guide individuals to lead a moral and harmonious community life.