Question

The altitude of Polaris can be determined using an instrument called an astrolabe. The degrees of Polaris from the horizon equal the observer's latitude in the Northern Hemisphere. Determine the latitude of the observer below.

a) 23.5°
b) 66.5°
c) 41°
d) 90°

Answer 1

The correct option is (C). The latitude of an observer in the Northern Hemisphere is equal to the altitude of Polaris above the horizon. By measuring the angle of Polaris from the horizon, one can determine their latitude directly.

Step-by-step explanation:

The astrolabe is an ancient instrument used for celestial navigation and determining the altitude of celestial bodies, including Polaris, the North Star. In the Northern Hemisphere, the angle between Polaris and the horizon is equal to the observer's latitude.

This principle is grounded in the fact that Polaris is very close to the celestial North Pole and appears almost directly above the Earth's North Pole.

So, if an observer measures Polaris to be 41° above the horizon using an astrolabe, it indicates that the observer is located at a latitude of 41°N. This connection between the altitude of Polaris and the observer's latitude is a fundamental concept in celestial navigation and has been utilized by sailors, astronomers, and explorers throughout history.

In contrast, options a) 23.5° and b) 66.5° do not match the given altitude of Polaris, and option d) 90° implies an observer at the North Pole, where Polaris would be directly overhead.

Therefore, option c) 41° is the correct answer, reflecting the observer's latitude in the Northern Hemisphere as determined by the astrolabe measurement of Polaris' altitude.