Final answer:
The term for "belief in one God" is C) Monotheism. It is a key characteristic of religions such as Christianity, Islam, and Judaism, distinguishing them from polytheistic and animistic belief systems.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that means "belief in one God" is C) Monotheism.
Monotheism is a religion based on belief in a single deity. This stands in contrast to polytheism, which is a religion based on belief in multiple deities, and animism, which is the belief in the divinity of nonhuman beings like animals, plants, and objects of the natural world.
In the context of various world religions, Christianity, Islam, and Judaism are examples of monotheistic religions with collectively over 3.8 billion followers. Hinduism, on the other hand, is often considered a polytheistic religion with a pantheon of deities, although some Hindus may view their faith in a monotheistic lens similar to the Christian Trinity.