Final answer:
The two stages of photosynthesis are the Light Reactions and the Calvin Cycle, which convert light energy into chemical energy and synthesize glucose, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The option that accurately describes the first two stages of photosynthesis is C) Light Reactions and Calvin Cycle. The light reactions, also known as light-dependent reactions, occur within the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts where they convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH), and release oxygen as a by-product from splitting water. Following this, the Calvin cycle, a light-independent reaction also known as the dark stage, occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts; it uses the ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions along with CO₂ from the atmosphere to produce glucose. These two stages of photosynthesis are crucial for the survival of plants and for the production of oxygen and organic compounds that sustain life on Earth.