Final answer:
Military and civilian hierarchies both possess order, organization, and a sense of hierarchy. The military is characterized by rigid structure and discipline, reporting to civilian control, while civilian hierarchies focus on administrative functions and efficient management, as seen in organizations such as the U.S. Civil Service.
Step-by-step explanation:
Military and civilian hierarchies share a common feature in their sense of order and organization as well as the presence of clearly defined power differences and hierarchy. Both systems classify individuals and groups into various roles, indicating their level of authority and responsibility. Military hierarchy is more rigid, with a very well-defined structure that governs how individuals interact and the respect they must show to different ranks. The highest-ranking military officer, for example, must report to the civilian leader, the President, showcasing military subordination to civilian control as established in the U.S. Constitution.
Civilian hierarchies, particularly in large organizations or in government bureaucracies like the Chinese empire, can also possess intricate bureaucratic structures, but these are often less about strict discipline and more focused on managing administrative functions. Civilian ranks relate to job functions more than authority over individuals, and the hierarchy in civilian life is often less visually and behaviorally emphasized compared to the military where features like uniforms, salutes, and ranking insignia are prevalent.
The differences between the two systems become apparent in their formation and functions. While military hierarchies are designed with the intent of creating a disciplined, cohesive unit adept at following orders and executing military operations, civilian hierarchies lean more towards efficient administration and management of services or businesses. The U.S. Office of Personnel Management, for example, regulates hiring practices in the U.S. Civil Service, creating a structured but flexible ranking system focused on job roles rather than a strict chain of command.