Final answer:
The two most serious effects of industrialization during the Industrial Revolution were urbanization and economic inequalities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two most serious effects of industrialization during the Industrial Revolution were urbanization and economic inequalities.
Urbanization was a significant societal effect as cities rapidly grew, leading to overcrowding, unsanitary living conditions, and social problems. For example, Manchester, England, experienced a 200% increase in population in a century, illustrating the rapid urbanization.
Economic inequalities also emerged as some countries embraced technology and industrialization, leading to increased wealth and goods, while non-industrialized nations fell behind economically. This gap between industrialized and non-industrialized countries widened during this period.