Final answer:
The condition that promotes bacterial growth is food held within the temperature range of 70 degrees F to 125 degrees F, where bacteria can rapidly multiply. Most bacteria are neutrophiles and prefer a neutral pH, while acidophiles and alkaliphiles are adapted to extreme pH conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition that promotes the growth of bacteria is C. Food held between 70 degrees F and 125 degrees F (21 degrees C and 52 degrees C). Bacteria generally multiply most rapidly at temperatures in this range, which is known as the "danger zone." At such temperatures, microorganisms, including bacteria, can grow quickly and increase the risk of foodborne illness if the food is consumed.
Most bacteria are neutrophiles and thrive best at a neutral pH, close to pH 7. Meanwhile, acidophiles and alkaliphiles have specific adaptations that allow them to grow optimally in either acidic or alkaline conditions, respectively, but these are not the conditions that promote the general growth of most bacteria. Additionally, high acidity and low levels of moisture often inhibit bacterial growth rather than promote it.