Final answer:
Nepal is considered a sovereign, inclusive, secular, federal, and republic country based on its political and constitutional setup, which includes transitioning from a monarchy to a federal democratic republic through mass protests and the adoption of a new constitution. The correct answer is option C) Based on its political and constitutional setup.
Step-by-step explanation:
Nepal is considered a sovereign, inclusive, secular, federal, and republic country based on its political and constitutional setup. The country underwent significant changes following frequent protests, civil unrest, and the demand for a democratic system.
The Maoist Communist movement, along with other opposition parties, engaged in mass protests that led to a peace accord and eventually to the formation of a federal democratic republic. In 2008, Nepal swore in its first president, marking a new era in its governance structure, moving away from the monarchy.
The sovereignty of Nepal is rooted in its status as an independent country that governs itself without outside interference. Its commitment to inclusivity and secularism can be seen in the way it embraces a diverse range of cultures, traditions, and religions, despite Hinduism being the main religion.
A federal structure has been adopted to provide regions within the country a certain degree of autonomy. Lastly, being a republic, it signifies that the head of state is an elected individual rather than a hereditary monarch.
Nepal's environment and society face challenges that include economic instability, political tension, environmental degradation through deforestation and soil erosion, and the need to balance the growth of its tourism sector with the preservation of its unique cultural heritage and natural resources.