Final answer:
The question deals with correcting improper IUPAC names for organic compounds. It requires understanding of IUPAC nomenclature rules to identify the longest carbon chain, to correctly place substituents, and to renumber the compound to give the lowest possible numbers to the functional groups and double or triple bonds.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question involves interpreting incorrect IUPAC names and providing the correct nomenclature for organic molecules. For example, the incorrect name '1-propene' is improper because there is only one position for a double bond in propene, hence the correct name is simply 'propene'. Similarly, the incorrect name '3-butene' should be 'but-1-ene', as numbering should be done to give the double bond the lowest possible number.
When drawing structural formulas, the backbone of the molecule is represented by a series of connected lines - each vertex represents a carbon atom. The correct structure and the IUPAC name are determined based on the number of carbon atoms and the position of functional groups such as double bonds, triple bonds, and substituents like methyl or ethyl groups.
For example, the proper name for '2-ethylhexane' and '3-butyl-7-methyloctane' would require drawing the carbon skeletons to identify errors and provide the correct names:
- For '2-ethylhexane', we look for the longest carbon chain and substitute the bogus prefix to form the name 3-ethylhexane, as the ethyl group should be positioned on the third carbon of a hexane chain.
- Similarly, '3-butyl-7-methyloctane' requires renumbering the carbon chain to give substituents the lowest possible numbers, resulting in the name 4-butyl-5-methyloctane.