Final answer:
Traction represents the amount of force to apply on a wheel before it slips, while torque is the turning effectiveness of a force, influenced by the force's magnitude, application radius, and time of application.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to which term represents the amount of force to apply on a wheel before it slips is c. traction. Traction refers to the frictional force between the wheel and the surface, preventing the wheel from slipping. Torque, on the other hand, is the rotational equivalent of a force, which depends on factors like the magnitude of the force, the radius at which the force is applied, the angle of application (distance from pivot or fulcrum), and the time for which the force is applied.