Final answer:
New federalism is a concept that decentralizes power from the federal government to state and local governments, aiming for greater administrative efficiency and reduced public spending. It has increased the power and autonomy of state and local governments.
Step-by-step explanation:
New federalism refers to a concept that emerged in the United States during the Nixon and Reagan administrations, aiming to decentralize power and responsibilities from the federal government to state and local governments. It is based on the idea that policies are more efficiently managed at lower levels of government. With new federalism, state and local governments have gained more discretion in using federal funds, resulting in greater administrative efficiency, reduced public spending, and potentially improved policy outcomes. Overall, new federalism has increased the power and autonomy of state and local governments.