Final answer:
In the 1980s, hip hop was defined by the scratching techniques of DJs, the energetic moves of breakdancers, and the expressive vocal styles of rappers.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the 1980s, three significant elements contributed to the essence of hip hop: the scratching techniques of the DJs, which involved manipulating vinyl records on turntables to produce unique sounds and rhythms;
the dynamic body moves of the breakdancers, which included acrobatic and athletic dance styles often performed in battles or showcases; and the evocative vocal style of the rappers, who expressed their stories, struggles, and messages through rhymed lyrics over beats, helping to create a powerful means of artistic expression and cultural identity.