Final answer:
A meteorologist analyzes weather patterns and predicts weather events using data such as air pressure and temperature to create forecasts that are crucial for safety and economic activities.
Step-by-step explanation:
A meteorologist is someone who specializes in the study of the atmosphere and uses that knowledge to analyze weather patterns and make predictions about weather events.
In the context of the choices provided, the work of a meteorologist does not involve surveying land for construction or determining city layouts.
Instead, their expertise is in understanding atmospheric phenomena and predicting short-term weather conditions that can have significant effects on safety, economics, and daily life.
Using tools like weather maps, which display regions of high and low pressure known as isobars, meteorologists compile and model data like air pressure and temperature collected from around the world to make their forecasts.
This knowledge helps us prepare for and respond to various weather-related events and challenges, which is crucial for our civilization and ecosystem.
The correct option for the role of a meteorologist, therefore, is analyzing weather patterns and predicting weather events.