Final answer:
Political ideology related to the role of government in society varies, with some emphasizing concrete social sciences and others favoring abstract principles. Smartphones showcase the intricate relationship between government policies and technology, with governments often playing a pivotal role in technological development. The American political system focuses on balancing liberty and equality under a just government.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding the Role of Government in Society and Technology
The concept of political ideology that assumes the government exists to improve society can take many forms. Political thinkers like Edmund Burke and Michael Oakeshott have criticized overly abstract political ideologies, advocating for a more concrete and pragmatic approach. On the other hand, Marxist ideology is based on the findings of social science rather than philosophies about government. Meanwhile, in practical terms, smartphones illustrate the profound connections between politics and daily life. Government policies can directly impact the use and features of smartphones, from app availability to internet access during elections, as seen in various countries.
Moreover, government support is often critical in the development of technology. For example, features that make a smartphone smart, such as GPS and internet connectivity, have been developed with intensive government support, as pointed out by economist Mariana Mazzucato in her work The Entrepreneurial State. The American political system emphasizes that a just government can provide citizens with a good measure of liberty and equality.
In conclusion, the intersection of technology and politics reflects the broader discourse on the role governments play in society and how governmental actions can foster societal improvements through regulations, support for technological advancements, and direct interaction with citizens via technologies like smartphones.