Final answer:
The process of DNA Transcription involves RNA polymerase using DNA as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule. Transcription is initiated by specific DNA promoters and results in the production of mRNA.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of DNA Transcription starts with the unwinding of the DNA double helix. An enzyme called RNA polymerase then utilizes one of the DNA strands as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule in the 5' to 3' direction. The nucleotides in the RNA are selected based on Watson-Crick base pairing rules, where uracil (U) pairs with adenine (A) in DNA instead of thymine (T).
Transcription is initiated when the RNA polymerase recognizes and binds to specific DNA sequences called promoters. These promoters are located upstream of the genes, and their sequences determine the frequency of transcription. The process continues until the RNA polymerase reaches a stop sequence on the DNA template, at which point the newly synthesized mRNA is released. The mRNA then undergoes further processing before leaving the nucleus and entering the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.
In summary, DNA transcription is a process where RNA polymerase uses DNA as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule. This process is initiated by binding to specific DNA promoters and results in the production of mRNA, which carries the genetic information from DNA to the protein-synthesis machinery in the cytoplasm.