Final answer:
The correct answers are that each son of a colorblind mother and a father with normal vision will be colorblind (100%), and each daughter will be a carrier but not colorblind (0%). The correct answer is b
Step-by-step explanation:
Red-green color blindness is a sex-linked recessive trait. This means that males (XY) only need one copy of the gene to be colorblind, while females (XX) require two copies. If a color-blind woman (who must have two copies of the recessive allele since she is affected) has children with a man who has normal vision (and thus at least one normal allele), their sons will always receive the Y chromosome from their father and the X chromosome with the recessive allele for colorblindness from their mother. Therefore, all sons will be colorblind. Daughters, on the other hand, will always inherit one X chromosome with the colorblind gene from their mother, but they will also receive a normal X chromosome from their father. This makes them carriers of the trait, but they will not be colorblind themselves, assuming color vision dominates over colorblindness. Thus, the correct answer is b, the probability that each son will be colorblind is 100%, and c, the probability that each daughter will be colorblind is 0%.