Final answer:
Villi and microvilli increase the surface area of the small intestine, aiding in the absorption of nutrients by diffusion.
Step-by-step explanation:
b. Villi and microvilli increase the surface area of the small intestine, which aids in the absorption of nutrients by diffusion. Villi are folds on the lining of the small intestine that increase the surface area, while microvilli are projections on the absorptive cells that further increase the surface area.