Final answer:
The increase of triglycerides and LDL cholesterol, but not HDL cholesterol, is associated with a diet high in simple sugars. Saturated and trans fats can exacerbate these increases, while polyunsaturated fats and omega-3 fatty acids have protective effects on cholesterol profiles.
Step-by-step explanation:
A diet high in simple sugars has been shown to increase levels of both triglycerides and LDL cholesterol, but not HDL cholesterol. Therefore, the direct answer to the question is e-A and B only.
Simple sugars can lead to an overproduction of substrates such as triglycerides, and an increase in LDL cholesterol in the bloodstream, while potentially decreasing HDL cholesterol levels. This imbalance can contribute to a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, where arteries narrow due to the buildup of plaque. It's important to note that although HDL is typically considered the "good" cholesterol because it transports cholesterol back to the liver, recent studies question its protective role against cardiovascular disease.
Saturated and trans fats are especially harmful as they increase LDL and can decrease HDL levels. In contrast, polyunsaturated fats and omega-3 fatty acids, which are beneficial, generally lower LDL and raise HDL levels, contributing to healthier blood cholesterol profiles.