Final answer:
Effective time-out for Joey involves a calm removal from the desirable activity, a 4-minute time-out with a timer, and ignoring her during this period, followed by reconnecting with affection after the time-out concludes.
Step-by-step explanation:
For time-out to be used effectively as a behavior modification technique with Joey, her caregiver should first ensure Joey is removed from the card game, which is a desirable activity for her, and placed in a location that is less interesting. The time-out duration should be appropriate for Joey's age, which is typically one minute per year of age, so a 4-minute time-out would be suitable. It is crucial to use a timer to indicate the length of the time-out.
During this period, the caregiver should calmly direct Joey to the time-out spot without giving in to demands or engaging in conversation, effectively ignoring any attempts from her to seek attention. Once the time-out is completed, it is important for the caregiver to reconnect with Joey by showing affection, such as giving her a hug or kind words, to reinforce positive behavior and the conclusion of the time-out.