Final answer:
Public opinion is affected by a multitude of factors, with agents of socialization like family and media being key in forming political socialization, which in turn shapes opinions on topics ranging from political scandals to social issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
Public opinion is mostly shaped by a combination of factors, including fiscal and social issues, political scandals, a politician's charm and personality, and foreign affairs. Among these, agents of socialization such as family, schools, friends, religious organizations, and the media play a pivotal role in the formation of political socialization. It is through these agents that individuals acquire their beliefs and form opinions. It is also important to consider that public opinion can influence congressional approval ratings and have a strong impact on public policy decision-making processes over time.
Elected officials commonly look to public opinion to understand what the public wants and to gauge how they should act or vote on upcoming bills or policies. Additionally, public opinion can be influenced by elites who use their position to shape the opinions of the public. It is through the citizens' involvement in political activities, such as voting and campaigning, that public opinion becomes a key force in influencing public policy.