Final answer:
IUPAC names for structural formulas are derived by identifying the longest carbon chain, functional groups, multiple bonds, and applying standard nomenclature rules. Propyne is the name for a three-carbon chain with a triple bond between the first two carbon atoms and ethane represents a two-carbon alkane with single bonds.
Step-by-step explanation:
The IUPAC name for a compound given by a condensed structural formula can be determined by identifying the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain, the types and positions of any functional groups or multiple bonds, and applying IUPAC nomenclature rules. As shown in one of the examples, a structural formula showing three carbon molecules with a triple bond between the first and second carbon, the IUPAC name would be propyne. The prefix 'prop' indicates three carbon atoms while the suffix 'yne' denotes a triple bond. When filling in all hydrogen atoms in a condensed formula such as CH₃CH₃, you are simply denoting ethane, and each carbon atom exhibits tetrahedral molecular geometry. Meanwhile, for straight-chain alkanes, the molecular, structural, condensed structural, and line angle formulas will differ based on the number of carbon atoms; for example, a seven-carbon alkane would have a molecular formula C₇H₁₆.