Question

The total number of electrons to be counted for the Lewis structure of the PO4- polyatomic ion is:

A 8
B 26
C 29
D 32
E none of the above

Answer 1

Main Answer:

The total number of electrons to be counted for the Lewis structure of the PO₄⁻³ polyatomic ion is D. 32.

Step-by-step explanation:

In a Lewis structure, each atom contributes valence electrons, and for polyatomic ions, you consider the charge. Phosphate (PO₄⁻³) consists of one phosphorus (P) atom and four oxygen (O) atoms. Phosphorus has five valence electrons, while oxygen has six. Considering the negative three charge of the ion, you add three electrons. Therefore, the total valence electrons are:

`\[5 (P) + 4 * 6 (O) + 3 (charge) = 32\]`

This sum accounts for the electrons that participate in bonding and those that form lone pairs around each atom. The structure reflects the octet rule, ensuring each atom (except hydrogen) has eight electrons in its valence shell.

In the explanation, it's crucial to recognize the individual contributions of each element, the adjustment for the charge on the polyatomic ion, and the summation to arrive at the total count of electrons. This process aligns with fundamental principles of chemical bonding and electron distribution. Understanding these concepts aids in accurately predicting molecular structures and behavior.

Therefore, the correct answer is D) 32.