Final answer:
The second way genetic information is randomized is through independent assortment during meiosis, resulting in gametes with a mix of maternal and paternal chromosomes that contribute to genetic diversity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The second way that genetic information is randomized and passed on is through the process of independent assortment during meiosis. Independent assortment occurs in metaphase I, where homologous chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate in a random order. This means there is an equal probability of the maternal or paternal chromosome facing either pole of the cell. As a result, when the chromosomes are separated into gametes, each gamete receives a random mix of maternal and paternal chromosomes, leading to genetic variation. Coupled with crossing-over events, independent assortment produces a high degree of genetic diversity in the offspring.