Final answer:
The question pertains to the concept of conservation of momentum in physics, specifically in situations of gliding on ice where no external forces are acting. To find the new velocity of the player after throwing the ball, one must apply the conservation of momentum formula, considering the mass and initial velocities of the football player and the ball.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question deals with the concept of conservation of momentum in physics, which is particularly applicable to scenarios involving collisions and isolated systems. In the absence of external forces, the total momentum of a system remains constant. This principle can be applied to a variety of gliding scenarios, whether it's a football player on ice, a child on a sled, or a hockey player hitting a puck. To solve these problems, one must use the formula for conservation of momentum, which states:
Momentum before event = Momentum after event
This formula is typically expressed as: m1×v1 + m2×v2 = m1×v1' + m2×v2', where m represents mass, v represents velocity, and the primes denote the values after the event.
For the given scenario of a 67.5 kg football player gliding across the ice and throwing a football, to find the player's speed after throwing the ball, one would use the conservation of momentum:
(67.5 kg × 2.10 m/s) + (0.420 kg × 0) = (67.5 kg + 0.420 kg) × final velocity
The final velocity can then be calculated after rearranging the equation and solving for the unknown. Similar applications of conservation of momentum can be used to solve for the scenarios described in other questions, taking into account the mass and initial velocities of all involved objects.