Final answer:
Argon is the element with properties similar to neon. Both are noble gases with full energy orbitals, making them chemically inert and nonreactive. Argon's complete valence electron shell means its chemical properties are most similar to neon. So, the correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The element with properties that are similar to neon is argon. Neon is a noble gas, found in Group 18 of the periodic table, also known as the inert gases. The main feature of noble gases, including neon, is that they have full energy orbitals, which means their electron configuration is stable and they do not readily form chemical bonds with other elements.
Noble gases tend to be nonreactive due to their complete valence electron shells. Of the choices given (aluminum, argon, arsenic, and silver), argon is the only other noble gas, and therefore it has chemical properties that are most similar to neon. Like neon, argon has a completely full outer shell of electrons, making it chemically inert.
In summary:
- Aluminum belongs to Group 13 and is not a noble gas.
- Arsenic belongs to Group 15 and is not a noble gas.
- Silver is a transition metal and is not a noble gas.
- Argon is a noble gas and is the only element listed that has a full outer shell like neon, making it the correct answer.