Final answer:
H2C=C(F2) (1,1-Difluoroethylene) is the polar molecule among the options given, due to the electronegativity difference between carbon and fluorine and the molecule's asymmetrical structure resulting in a net dipole moment.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine which molecules are polar, we need to consider electronegativity differences between bonded atoms and the geometry of the molecule. When electronegativity differences are present and the shape of the molecule doesn't allow the dipole moments to cancel out, the molecule will exhibit polarity.
From the list provided:
- F2C=CF2 (Tetrafluoroethylene) is nonpolar due to its symmetrical structure, even though C-F bonds are polar.
- H2C=CH2 (Ethene) is also nonpolar because it is a symmetrical molecule with no difference in electronegativity in the H-C bonds.
- H2C=C(F2) (1,1-Difluoroethylene) is polar because the C-F bonds introduce an electronegativity difference and the molecule lacks symmetry, resulting in a net dipole moment. This can be deduced by the presence of both hydrogen and fluorine atoms bonded to carbon, with fluorine being much more electronegative than hydrogen.
H2C=C(F2) is the molecule that is polar from the options given.