Answer:
All of the above.
Step-by-step explanation:
The owners of the companies employed their own strategies. Sometimes if the company had enough supplies, they would lockout the workers. If they wanted to cut pay, they would tell the workers not to show up to work until they agreed to the cut. Often new employees were forced to sign contracts stating they would not join a union. Companies used many strategies to counter a strike. They would try to hire others, people called scabs, who would agree to work during a strike. The strikers would often use violence against these scabs.