Final answer:
The diagnostic criterion for infantile anorexia includes a refusal to eat adequate food for over a month. An example of an eating disorder where people eat very little is anorexia nervosa. Children with kwashiorkor have a distended abdomen due to protein deficiency, while marasmus involves overall malnutrition. option 4
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the diagnostic criteria for infantile anorexia, refusal to eat adequate amounts of food for more than one month is considered diagnostic. This is distinguished from other conditions such as depression-associated eating disturbances or those following traumatic events, as well as chronic weight loss due to malabsorptive disorders.
Regarding the matching statements:
Anorexia nervosa is the correct match for a disorder where people eat very little and become dangerously underweight. Individuals with anorexia nervosa often have a distorted body image and may suffer from severe health consequences, including malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies.
- Bulimia nervosa is often associated with an electrolyte imbalance due to purging behaviors. People with bulimia nervosa experience episodes of binge eating followed by purging to prevent weight gain.
- Binge eating disorder is characterized by episodes of excessive eating without compensatory behaviors like purging, and hence individuals are at risk for obesity-related conditions such as type 2 diabetes.
In the case of a child with a distended abdomen, kwashiorkor is more likely than marasmus. Kwashiorkor is typically caused by severe protein depletion despite adequate caloric intake, leading to fluid retention and a swollen abdomen. On the contrary, marasmus is a result of overall caloric and protein malnutrition resulting in more generalized wasting without the distinctive abdominal edema.